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| Research and Publications
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 In addition to reports generated for subscribers, the RADARS System also conducts research for the benefit of the scientific community and the general public. This research contributes to the body of scientific literature related to the abuse, misuse and diversion of prescription drugs.
RADARS System research is presented at regional, national and international conferences and is published in peer-reviewed journals.
Please contact the RADARS System to obtain copies of certain materials listed below.
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Bailey JE, Barton PL, Lezotte D, Lowenstien SR, Dart RC. The Effect of FDA Approval of a Generic Competitor to OxyContin® (Oxycodone HCI Controlled-Release) Tablets on the Abuse of Oxycodone. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 84:182-187, 2006.
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Bailey JE, Campagna E, Dart RC. Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Center Group. The Underrecognized Toll of Prescription Drug Abuse on Young Children. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 53:419-424, 2009.
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Cicero TJ, Dart RC, Inciardi JA, Woody GE, Schnoll S, Munoz A. The Development of a Comprehensive Risk-Management Program for Prescription Opioid Analgesics: Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS®). Pain Medicine. 8:2,157-170, 2007.
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Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Paradis A, Ortbal Z. Determinants of Fentanyl and Other Potent μ Opioid Agonist Misuse in Opioid-Dependent Individuals. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 2010; 19: 1-7.
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Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA. Diversion and Abuse of Methadone Prescribed for Pain Management. Journal of the American Medical Association. 293(3):297, 2005.
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Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA, Munoz A. Trends of Abuse of OxyContin® and Other Opioid Analgesics in the United States: 2002-2004. The Journal of Pain. 6(10):662-672, 2005.
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Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA, Surratt HL. Trends in the Use and Abuse of Branded and Generic Extended Release Oxycodone and Fentanyl Products in the United States. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 91: 115-120, 2007.
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Cicero T, Inciardi JA, Surratt H, Horbay G, Bordman J, Forster I. Characteristics of Prescription Opioid Abuse in the United States and Canada. Canadian Journal of Addiction Medicine. 2010; In Press.
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Cicero TJ, Surratt H, Inciardi JA, Munoz A. Relationship Between Therapeutic Use and Abuse of Opioid Analgesics in Rural, Suburban, and Urban Locations in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 16:827-840, 2007.
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Dasgupta N, Bailey JE, Cicero T, Inciardi JA, Parrino M, Rosenblum A, Dart RC. Post-marketing surveillance of methadone and buprenorphine in the United States. Pain Medicine. 2010; In Press.
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Hayes BD, Klein-Schwartz W, Doyon S. Toxicity of Buprenorphine Overdoses in Children. Pediatrics. 121: 782-786, 2008.
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Inciardi JA, Cicero TJ, Munoz A, Adams EH, Geller A, Senay EC, Woody GE. The Diversion of Ultram®, Ultracet®, and Generic Tramadol HCl. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 25:53-58, 2006.
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Inciardi JA, Goode JL. OxyContin® and Prescription Drug Abuse. Consumers’ Research. 7:17-21, 2003.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Kurtz SP, Burke JJ. The Diversion of Prescription Drugs by Health Care Workers in Cincinnati, Ohio. Substance Use and Misuse. 41:255-264, 2006.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Cicero TJ, Kurtz SP, Martin SS, Parrino MW. The ‘Black Box’ of Prescription Drug Diversion.Journal of Addictive Diseases. 28(4) : 332-347, 2009.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Cicero TJ, Rosenblum A, Ahwah C, Bailey JE, Dart RC, Burke JJ. Prescription Drugs Purchased Through the Internet: Who are the End Users? In Press, 2010.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Lugo Y, Cicero TJ. The Diversion of Prescription Opioid Analgesics. Law Enforcement Executive Forum Journal. (November):125-141, 2007.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL, Stivers Y, Cicero TJ. FDA Approvals of Generic Drugs: Impact on the Diversion of Opioid Analgesics With a Potential for Abuse. Journal of Opioid Management 5:2 81-87, March/April 2009.
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Rosenblum A, Parrino M, Schnoll SH, Fong C, Maxwell C, Cleland C, Magura S, Haddox D. Prescription Opioid Abuse Among Enrollees into Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 90: 64-71, 2007.
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Schneider, MF, Bailey, JE, Cicero TJ, Dart RC, Inciardi JA, Parrino M, Munoz A. Integrating Nine Prescription Opioid Analgesics and/or Four Signal Detection Systems to Summarize Statewide Prescription Drug Abuse in the United States in 2007. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. (9):778-90, September, 2009.
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Smith MY, Bailey JE, Woody GE, Kleber HD. Abuse of Buprenorphine in the United States: 2003-2005. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 26(3):107-111, 2007.
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Smith MY, Dart RC, Hughes AA, Geller A, Senay EC, Woody GE, Colucci S. Clinician Validation of Poison Control Center Intentional Exposure Cases Involving Prescription Opioids. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 32:465-478, 2006.
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Smith M, Irish W, Wang J, Haddox J, Dart R. Detecting Signals of Opioid Analgesic Abuse: Application of a Spatial Mixed Effect Poisson Regression Model Using Data from a Network of Poison Control Centers. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 17:1050-1059, 2008
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Smith MY, Schneider MF, Wentz A, Hughes A, Haddox JD, Dart RC. Quantifying Morbidity Associated with the Abuse and Misuse of Opioid Analgesics: A Comparison of Two Approaches. Clinical Toxicology. 45:23-30, 2007.
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Spiller HA, Lorenz DJ, Bailey JE, Dart, RC. Epidemiological Trends in Abuse and Misuse of Prescription Opioids. Journal of Addictive Diseases. 28:130-136, 2009.
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Bailey JE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Adolescent Prescription Opioid Abuse and Misuse. The Colorado Public Health Association Conference. Vail, CO. August, 2009.
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| Bailey JE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Extended Release Versus Immediate Release Morphine: Difference in Abuse and Medical Outcome. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. San Francisco, CA. October, 2006. |
| Bailey JE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Demographic Differences in the Misuse and Abuse of Oxycodone Formulations: Poison Center Surveillance. The Drug Information Association Conference. Philadelphia, PA. June, 2006. |
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Bailey JE, Dart RC. Exposures to Oxycodone: Demographic Differences by Formulation. American College of Emergency Physicians. New Orleans, LA. October, 2006.
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Bailey JE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Demographic Difference in the Misuse and Abuse of Oxycodone Formulations: Poison Center (PC) Surveillance. Drug Information Association (DIA) Annual Meeting. Philadelphia, PA. June, 2006.
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Buchholtz C, Reifler L, Bailey JE, Dart R. Chewing then swallowing in self reported non-medical opioid use by college students as reported by the Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS®) System. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2010.
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Campagna E, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Prescription Opioid Abuse in Urban Versus Rural Areas Using RADARS® System Data. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Meeting. Quebec City, Canada. June 16, 2007.
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Campagna E, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Fentanyl Patch Abuse Using RADARS® System Poison Center Data. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. New Orleans, LA. October, 2007.
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Campagna E, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Detection of Prescription Opioid Abuse/Diversion Using RADARS® System Data. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Campagna E, Kirtland M, Bailey JE, Spiller HA, Dart RC. The Effectiveness of the Kentucky Operation UNITE (Unlawful Narcotics Investigations, Treatment and Education) as Evaluated by RADARS® System Poison Centers. American Public Health Association Conference. Washington, DC. November, 2007.
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Cleland C, Rosenblum A, Fong C, Parrino M. Prescription opioid abuse predicts first admission into methadone maintenance treatment. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2010.
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Cleland C, Rosenblum A, Fong C, Parrino M, Magura S. Age Effects on Heroin and Prescription Opioid Abuse Among Enrollees Into Methadone Maintenance Treatment. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence. Reno, NV. June, 2009
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Cram LM, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Description of Buprenorphine, Methadone, Hydrocodone and Oxycodone Abuse and Diversion Rates Using RADARS® System Data. The Annual College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Quebec City, Canada. June, 2007.
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| Dart RC, Hughes AA, Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Public Health Disparities in Rural Areas: High Rates of Prescription Opioid Abuse? The American Public Health Association Conference. Philadelphia, PA. December, 2005. |
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Dart RC, Hughes AA, Smith MY, Reporting for The RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Adolescent Prescription Opioid Abuse and Misuse: Surveillance by Poison Centers. The College of Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2006.
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Dasgupta N, Bailey JE, Dart RC, Jonsson Funk M. Poison Center Exposure Calls Predict Mortality Due to Prescription Opioid Poisoning. The American Public Health Association Annual Conference. Washington, DC. November, 2007.
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Graham A, Smith MY, Haddox JD, Wright C. Reducing the Potential for Diversion of Prescription Opioids: Tested Interventions. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Orlando, FL. June, 2005.
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Haddox JD, Schnoll SH. The Standards for Risk Management Plans for High Abuse Potential Medications. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Washington, DC. April, 2005.
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Hughes AA, Bogdan GM, Bond R, Dart RC. Increase in OxyContin® Abuse or Media Hype? North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Palm Springs, CA. September, 2002. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 40(5):656-657, 2002.
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Hughes AA, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Comparative Rates of OxyContin® Abuse: Anecdotal Highs. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Chicago, IL,. September, 2003. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 41(5):746-747, 2003.
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Hughes AA, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Reporting for the Researched Abuse Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance (RADARS®) System Poison Center Group. Active Surveillance of Abused and Misused Prescription Opioids Using Poison Center Data: A Pilot Study and Descriptive Comparison. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. October, 2007, New Orleans, LA. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 45:144-151, 2007.
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Hughes AA, Dart RC, Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Demographic Differences of the Misuse and Abuse of Oxycodone Formulations. The Colorado Public Health Association Conference. Denver, CO. September, 2005.
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Hughes AA, Dart RC, Bailey JE, Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Lick or Stick: The Common Routes of the Misuse and Abuse of Fentanyl. The North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Orlando, FL. September, 2005.
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Hughes AA, Dart RC, Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Prescription Drug Abuse Epidemic: Surveillance of Opioid Abuse Using Poison Centers. The American Public Health Association Conference. Philadelphia, PA. December, 2005.
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Hughes AA, Dart RC, Reporting for the RADARS® System Poison Control Centers. Seasons of Abuse? Temporal Trends of Prescription Opioids. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Seattle, WA. September, `2004. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology. 42(5):762-763, 2004.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt HL. The Diversion of Prescription Opioids in the US. The College of Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2006.
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Inciardi JA, Surratt H, Kurtz SP, Cicero TJ. The Diversion of Generic Prescription Drugs. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Quebec City, Quebec. June, 2007.
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Kirtland MN, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Prescription Opioid Associated Death Rates Using RADARS® System Data. American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry Conference. Washington, DC. December, 2008.
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Kirtland MN, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Prescription Opioid Misuse and Abuse: Surveillance by the RADARS® System Poison Centers. American Pain Society. Washington, DC. May, 2007.
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Kirtland MN, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Suicide and Gender: Characterization Using RADARS® System Poison Center Data. American Psychiatric Association Conference. Washington, DC. May, 2008.
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Kirtland MN, Lemon S, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Effectiveness of a Poison Center Intervention on Product Coding. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Toronto, ON. September 2008.
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Kline AT, Smith MY, Fitzgerald JP, Haddox JD, Bailey JE. A Comparison of NSDUH Results and RADARS® System Poison Center Network Results for the Non-Medical Use of Opioid Analgesics, 2003-2004. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Quebec City, Quebec. June, 2007.
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Kline AT, Smith MY, Haddox JD, Rosenblum A, Fong C, Parrino M, Maxwell C. Abuser-Reported Sources of Illegally Obtained Opioid Analgesic Medications. The College of Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2006.
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Montoya AM, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Current Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use Among College Students: Analysis of RADARS® System Data. The American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry Conference. December, 2008.
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Montoya AM, Heltshe SL, Dart RC. Spatial Analysis of RADARS System Data to Identify Geographic Hot Spots of Prescription Opioid Abuse. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Montoya AM, Zolot LM, Bailey JE. Motives for Non-Medical Prescription Opioid Use Among RADARS® System College Survey Respondents-Indication of a Substance Abuse Disorder. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. Reno, NV. June, 2009.
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Parrino M, Rosenblum A, Fong C, Maxwell C, Magura S. Distance Traveled and Cross State Commuting Among Patients in Opioid Agonist Treatment Programs (OTPs). College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Rosenblum A, Parrino M, Schnoll SH, Fong C, Maxwell C, Cleland CM, Haddox JD, Magura S. Prescription Opioid Abuse Among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Quebec City, Quebec. June, 2007.
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Schnoll SH, Sembower MA, Shiffman S, Varughese S, Ertischek MD, St. Jean E, Rosen S. Non-Medical Use of Extended Release Prescription Stimulants: An Examination of Amphetamine and Methylphenidate. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2010.
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Senay EC, Geller A, Woody G, Dart R, Hughes A, Smith MY. Patterns of Abuse, Dependence and Misuse of Prescription Opioid Analgesics, Benzodiazepines and Carisoprodol in 7792 calls to Poison Control Centers. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Orlando, FL. June, 2005.
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Smith MY, Dart RC, Hughes A, Geller A, Senay E, Woody G, Colucci S. Clinician Validation of Poison Control Center Intentional Exposure Cases Involving Prescription Opioids. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Orlando, FL. June, 2005.
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Smith MY, Haddox JD. Measuring Rates of Nonmedical Use - Dimensions and Denominators. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Washington, DC. April, 2005.
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Smith MY, Irish W, Wang J, Haddox JD, Dart RC. Relative Rate of Opioid Analgesic Abuse in Communities in the U.S. The College of Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Scottsdale, AZ. June, 2006.
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Smith MY, Schneider MF. Measuring Rates of Prescription Opioid Abuse and Misuse-Dimensions and Denominators. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. Washington, DC. April, 2005.
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Spaeth AL, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Characterization of Buprenorphine Abuse Using RADARS® System Poison Center Data. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Spiller HA, Lorenz D, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Epidemiological Trends in Prescription Drug Misuse and Abuse. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Spiller HA, Spiller SS, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Does Day of Week Impact Prevalence of Prescription Drug Abuse? CPDD 2009 Annual Meeting. Reno, NV. June, 2009.
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Spiller HA, Spiller SS, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Does Prescription Drug Abuse Take a Holiday? The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. Reno, NV. June, 2009.
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Sweet LE, Zolot L, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Where Do Calls Come From? Analysis of RADARS® System Opioid and Stimulant Poison Center (PC) Mentions by Caller Site and Intent. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference San Antonio, TX September, 2009.
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Varney SM, Buchanan JA, Lavonas EJ, Campagna EJ, Bailey JE, Dart RC. How Acetaminophen-Opioid Patients Die. North American Congress of Clinical Toxicology Conference. Toronto, ON. September, 2008. Journal of Toxicology: 46:639, 2008.
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Varughese S, Rosen S, Ertischek MD, Sembower MA, St. Jean E, Schnoll S. Non-Medical Use Surveillance and Signal Identification of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate, a Pro-Drug Stimulant for the Treatment of ADHD. American Psychiatric Association. New Orleans, LA. May, 2010.
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Varughese S, Rosen S, Lindholm A, Ertischek MD, Sembower MA, St. Jean E, Schnoll S. Non-medical use surveillance and signal identification of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate, a pro-drug stimulant for the treatment of ADHD. Canadian Psychiatric Association. Toronto, Canada. September, 2010.
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Zosel AE, Campagna E, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Demographic Variables Associated with Prescription Opioid Abuse and Diversion Detected by the RADARS® System. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Conference. San Juan, PR. June, 2008.
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Zosel AE, Kirtland M, Bailey JE, Dart RC. Characterization of Adolescent Prescription Drug Abuse as reported in RADARS® System Poison Center Data. The College on Problems of Drug Dependence Annual Meeting. Reno, NV June, 2009
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Niemi, J., Smith M, Banks D. Test Power for Drug Abuse Surveillance. Biosurveillance and Biosecurity (Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). Ed. D Zeng, H Chen, H Rolka, and W Lober. New York: Springer, 2008. 131-142.
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